کودکان شیرخوار از یک سالگی به بعد، علاوه بر میل نمودن غذاهایی که در سال اول زندگی خود فرا گرفته‌اند، میبایست از غذای سفره خانواده خود بهره گیرند. این کودکان رشد سریع خواهند داشت و استقامت کافی در برابر بسیاری از بیماری ها را نخواهند داشت و دندانهای آنها هم هنوز کامل نشده است. از این جهت میبایست در غذا دادن به آنها دو شرط اساسی را رعایت نمود؛
- ابتدا آنکه غذای آنها باید کم حجم از سویی پر انرژی و همچنین زود هضم باشد.
- به دفعات مکرر باید غذا در اختیار فرزند شما قرار بگیرد.
علاوه بر موارد نام برده شده، مقدار رشد و فعالیت کودکان در سنین یک الی دو سالگی با کودکان سه ساله و بیشتر از آن با یکدیگر فرق خواهند داشت. بنابراین شما مادران عزیز ملزم می‌باشید که این موارد را در نظر بگیرید.
برای شرکت در سیمنار دوره های آموزش رژیم نویسی توسط دکتر زکوی هم از طریق سایت هم مشاوره تلفنی میتوانید از زمان شروع دوره مطلع شوید.
✓ رژیم غذایی کودک ۱ الی ۲ سال
همانگونه که بیان کردیم این کودک رشد سریع و فعالیت بسیار دارد و نهایتاً به غذای بیشتری نیاز خواهد داشت. ولیکن از سوی دیگر حجم معده او کم است و همچنین دندان هایش کامل نشده است. بنابراین شما ملزم می باشید که در رژیم غذایی کودک یک تا دو سال به موارد زیر دقت کنید؛
- علاوه بر بهره گیری از شیر مادر ۵ الی ۶ بار در شبانه روز به فرزند خود غذا بدهید.
- غذاهایی که فرزند شما قدرت جویدن آنها را خواهد داشت همانند؛ برنج همراه با گوشت های نرم به او بدهید.
- در صورتی که کودک شما مبتلا به یبوست می باشد به هنگام تهیه سوپ او علاوه بر سبزی ها می توانید از برگه هلو یا زردآلو و همچنین آلو به مقدار خیلی کم استفاده کنیم.
- بهتر است غذای کودک را کاملا پخته و تمیز تهیه نمایید و بعد از خنک شدن به او بدهید.
- شما می توانید به غذای کودک خود مقداری روغن مایع یا کره بیفزایید تا مقوی تر گردد.
- و ما میتوانیم در رژیم غذائی یک کودک یک الی دو ساله این پیشنهاد را به شما بدهیم؛ که به او اجازه دهید خودش غذا را میل کند تنها مطمئن شوید که فقط آب خورشت یا آبگوشت را نخورد.
✓ شیوه از شیر گرفتن کودک
اغلب توصیه میشود که کودک را به تدریج از شیر بگیرید. بنابراین در ابتدا شیردهی به هنگام صبح را قطع کنید و بعد از یک الی دو هفته شیردهی در روند ظهر و در پایان به هنگام شب را قطع نمایید و هنگامی که کودک تمایل به شیر خوردن از خود نشان می‌دهد. او را به زور از خود دور ننمایید. چرا که ممکن است کودک شما ناراحت و همچنین عصبی شود.
✓ رژیم غذایی کودک ۳ الی ۶ سال
پس از ۲ سالگی با آهسته گردیدن رشد او، اشتهای کودک نیز کم خواهد شد و از این جهت با اکتفا به روند رشد کودک تقاضا به جهت اخذ غذا نیز تغییر خواهد کرد. هر چند مقدار اخذ انرژی از یک غذا تا غذایی دیگر متفاوت می باشد. ولیکن کل غذای دریافتی روزانه یک کودک ثابت خواهد بود. کودک در سن ۱۱ سالگی به ۱۰۰۰ کیلو کالری و نیز در سن سه سالگی به ۱۳۰۰ کیلو کالری انرژی نیاز خواهد داشت. البته نیاز به انرژی کودک بنا بر مقدار فعالیت فیزیکی او رقم خواهد خورد.
✓ برنامه غذایی یک کودک
به منظور رشد کودک، بازی و نیز برخی دیگر فعالیت های فیزیکی، مقابله در مقابل بیماری های عفونی، نیازمند انرژی خواهد بود و با مواد قندی نیز نشاسته‌ای و چربی‌ها می توان آن را تامین نمود. کودکانی که عادت به بازی کردن و همچنین فعالیت بسیار دارند، نیاز آنها به انرژی بیشتر از کودکان دیگر می‌باشد که تحرک کمتری دارند. نیز کودک بعد از بیماری به منظور جبران وزن از میان رفته نیاز به انرژی بیشتری خواهد داشت.
✓ تعداد وعده های غذایی کودک
کودک شما میبایست در روز لااقل پنج وعده غذایی حاوی سه وعده اصلی و نیز دو میان وعده میل کند. صبحانه کودک حائز اهمیت ترین وعده غذایی او تلقّی میشود و مصرف آن منجر به یادگیری بهتر و همچنین دقت بیشتر او خواهد گشت. برنامه غذایی کودک را میبایست تنظیم نمود که صبحانه را با دیگر اشخاص خانواده میل نموده تا عادت به صبحانه خوردن در بطن او با وجود آید.
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